One of the most common video streaming protocols is an HLS Streaming Server. HLS is an adaptive streaming technology which allows you to stream media content that is tailored to the user’s device and network conditions for the best streaming performance.
HLS and RTMP can be easily integrated with the Nginx web server using the Nginx RTMP module. In this tutorial, we’ll show you how to setup an HLS live streaming server on Ubuntu.
See Also: ServerMania Media Streaming Server Solutions
What is Nginx RTMP?
Nginx RTMP is an Nginx module which allows you to add RTMP and HLS streaming to your media server. Previously, the RTMP and HLS modules were seperate Nginx modules, but they can now all be added to Nginx as a single module.
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Server Requirements
- Ubuntu OS (May work on other Operating Systems with command modifications)
- Minimum 2GB RAM
- Disk space as required for any media files
- ServerMania Hybrid or Dedicated Server
Installation Instructions
Step 1: Login via SSH to the server
Login as root or a user with sudo access on the server. If you are using a user with sudo access, then add sudo before each command in the tutorial:
ssh root@server-ip
Step 2: Download required software
Start by updating the apt repository:
apt-get update
If this is a new server, you should consider updating the system software:
apt-get Upgrade
We’ll then install the required software:
apt-get install -y git build-essential ffmpeg libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev
Step 3: Clone Module
Install the clone module:
git clone https://github.com/sergey-dryabzhinsky/nginx-rtmp-module.git
Step 4: Download Nginx
Copy the latest download link from the Nginx website and decompress the files:
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.6.tar.gztar -xf nginx-1.17.6.tar.gzcd nginx-1.17.6
Step 5: Configure Nginx
Configure NGINX by typing in the following command:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-modulemake -j 1make install
Step 6: Configure Nginx
Continued…
rm /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnano /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
Copy the following contents into the file and save it:
worker_processes auto;events {worker_connections 1024;}# RTMP configurationrtmp {server {listen 1935; # Listen on standard RTMP portchunk_size 4000;application show {live on;# Turn on HLShls on;hls_path /mnt/hls/;hls_fragment 3;hls_playlist_length 60;# disable consuming the stream from nginx as rtmpdeny play all;}}}http {sendfile off;tcp_nopush on;directio 512;default_type application/octet-stream;server {listen 8080;location / {# Disable cacheadd_header 'Cache-Control' 'no-cache';# CORS setupadd_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*' always;add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length';# allow CORS preflight requestsif ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain charset=UTF-8';add_header 'Content-Length' 0;return 204;}types {application/dash+xml mpd;application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;video/mp2t ts;}root /mnt/;}}}
Step 7: Start Nginx
Start Nginx:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
Step 8: Start Streaming
This server can stream from a variety of sources including a static file, webcam, etc.
We previously installed ffmpeg. We’ll start streaming example-vid.mp4 to our http://localhost/show/stream
ffmpeg -re -i example-vid.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -g 30 -acodec aac -strict -2 -f flv rtmp://localhost/show/stream
Step 9: Integrate into Player
The stream can now be integrated into a javascript HLS player as per your requirements.
Deploying An Nginx RTMP Server
If you have any questions about deploying a new Nginx RTMP or HLS server, consider booking a free consultation with one of our our account executives. We can help you choose the right server hardware for your media streaming project.
Now that you’ve learned about creating an Nginx RTMP server, why not read about: What is RTMP?
ServerMania not only supports businesses with technical tutorials, but also through enterprise focused solutions such as colocation and server cluster configurations. To find out more about these advanced partnership opportunities, please book a free consultation with an account executive.
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is there a way to stream from mobile camera? maybe using flutter?or ionic?
You can stream from a mobile phone by using the phone as a source in OBS. Lookup “using xxx as a webcam over wifi on yyy” where xxx is your phone and yyy is your operating system. There are several apps.
How to catch streaming events, for example, that the streaming has not yet begun, or that the straming has already ended?
how can I add the module, if I’ve already installed nginx?
Pretty sure you can’t. You have to build from source for custom modules or pay for Nginx Plus
https://www.nginx.com/products/nginx/modules/rtmp-media-streaming/
If you are running debian buster, there is a package you can add.
sudo apt-get install libnginx-mod-rtmp will get you going 🙂
Mark, thanks for the write up – clear and easy to follow. I’m running into a 403 “forbidden” error however when running the ffmpeg command. I have a small mp4 that I’m feeding into “rtmp://localhost/show/stream” but the file downloads instead of showing up as video in my browser (I have an hls extension installed in my chrome browser on a different computer) and the error.log for nginx says ‘directory index of “/mnt/” is forbidden’… I’ve googled for a solution but am coming up short on this. Any help at all would be appreciated.
Thanks for this! What would be the URI for consuming a stream be, given your example config?
I suspect it’s rtmp://localhost:1935/show.
Nice guide. But I’m unable to find the address for viewer (to watch the stream). I understand that the config sets output to HLS.
But am unable to find the correct address.
Please add this last part to the guide.
for all seekers:
the stream could be caught with:
https:///hls/stream.m3u8
sorry:
http://-your-server-/hls/stream.m3u8